Perpustakaan Universitas Padjajaran
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D101- Design and Development of A Training Module Prototype in Chronic Disease Medication Therapy Management For Primary Healthcare Center Pharmacists (Farida Rendrayani; Prof. Irma Melyani Puspitasari, S.Si., M.T., Ph.D; Sofa Dewi Alfian, MKM., Ph.D; Assoc. Prof. Thang Nguyen, Ph.D)

Background: Chronic diseases constitute a major health burden in Indonesia. Primary healthcare centers (PHCs), as the frontline of primary care, ...

  • CodeCallNoLokasiKetersediaan
    FFUP20260147D101Tersedia
  • Perpustakaan
    Fakultas Farmasi
    Judul Seri
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    No. Panggil
    D101
    Penerbit Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Padjadjaran : Jatinangor.,
    Deskripsi Fisik
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    Bahasa
    English
    ISBN/ISSN
    -
    Klasifikasi
    D101
    Tipe Isi
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    Tipe Media
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    Tipe Pembawa
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    Edisi
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    Subyek
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    Info Detil Spesifik
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    Pernyataan Tanggungjawab
  • Background: Chronic diseases constitute a major health burden in Indonesia. Primary healthcare centers (PHCs), as the frontline of primary care, require pharmacists competent in Medication Therapy Management (MTM) to optimize patient therapy. However, a national survey of 1,132 PHC pharmacists revealed that although 74.9% had adequate knowledge, only half demonstrated positive MTM attitudes and practices, with 96.6% identifying lack of training as a major barrier. While structured training has been shown to improve pharmacists' competencies, no standardized MTM training program existed for Indonesian PHC pharmacists when this study was conducted. Therefore, this study aimed to design and develop a competency-based training module in chronic disease MTM for PHC pharmacists in Indonesia, aligned with the Ministry of Health's national training curriculum guidelines. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first nationally aligned, competency-mapped MTM training module for PHC pharmacists in Indonesia.
    Methods: A Design and Development research approach within the ADDIE model was employed, limited to the Analysis, Design, and Development phases. Four interconnected components were conducted: (1) a systematic review of 11 RCTs to identify effective educational strategies; (2) a qualitative training needs assessment (TNA) through six focus group discussions with 32 pharmacists from 32 provinces; (3) iterative curriculum development following the Ministry of Health's national training curriculum guidelines; and (4) module development using the Rancang Bangun Pembelajaran Mata Pelatihan framework. The curriculum was developed in collaboration with the Education and Training Board of the Indonesian Pharmacists Association (Badiklat IAI) and underwent two rounds of expert review with a panel from the Ciloto Health Training Center/BBPK, the Indonesian Pharmacists Association/IAI, the Public Health Pharmacy Association/Hisfarkesmas, the Indonesian Association of Pharmacy Higher Education/APTFI, senior PHC pharmacists, and academics.
    Results: The systematic review suggested that interactive implementation strategies (simulations, role-play, and case-based learning) were associated with improvements in pharmacists' knowledge, attitude, and skill. The TNA revealed a gap between expected clinical roles and logistics-dominated practice, along with specific needs for standardized, competency-based MTM training focused on hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia. These findings were integrated to develop a prototype curriculum and module through an iterative process yielding four external versions before the latest version. The latest version comprises 32 learning hours organized into 15 courses with eight non-overlapping competencies mapped to the five core MTM elements: Medication Therapy Review, Personal Medication Record, Medication-Related Action Plan (including self-management support), Intervention and Referral, and Documentation and Follow-up. The module incorporates a pharmacoeconomic component, clinical cases, practical examinations, and is designed for blended delivery. The module is a prototype ready for content validation and further testing.
    Conclusion: This training module was systematically developed based on global evidence and local needs, offering a prototype ready for content validation and pilot testing. Once validated, it can provide a foundation for a nationally standardized MTM training program and strengthen PHC pharmacists' clinical competencies in Indonesia. Beyond the immediate product, the study offers an evidence-integration approach to curriculum design, a replicable approach for developing context-specific, competency-based training programs in other clinical areas and LMIC settings.
    Keywords: chronic diseases, competency-based training module, Design and Development research, Medication Therapy Management, primary healthcare center pharmacists

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